Latest Articles
The Role of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: Current Evidence and Future Directions
The use of stem cell therapies for the treatment of orthopaedic injuries continues to advance. The purpose of this review was to provide an update of the current role and future directions of stem cell strategies in sports medicine.
Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Milieu of Bioactive Factors
Platelet concentrates such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have gained popularity in sports medicine and orthopaedics to promote accelerated physiologic healing and return to function. Each PRP product varies depending on patient factors and the system used to generate it.
Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid, Separately and in Combination, for Hip Osteoarthritis
The effectiveness of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections has been evaluated in knee chondroplasty and osteoarthritis (OA); however, little evidence of its efficacy in hip OA exists.
Scaffold-Free Tissue-Engineered Allogenic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote Meniscus Healing
To determine whether meniscal tissue could be healed histologically by the implantation of allogenic threedimensional formed adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in a rabbit model of partial meniscectomy.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation in Knee Osteoarthritis
Several clinical studies have reported on cell-based treatment using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage regeneration in knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, little is known about the factors that influence the clinical outcomes after surgery.
2015- Treatment Outcomes of Alginate-Embedded Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Autologous Chondrocytes for the Repair of Focal Articular Cartilage Defects in a Rabbit Model. – The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising alternative form of cell-based therapy for cartilage injury. However, the capacity of MSCs for chondrogenesis has not been fully explored. In particular, there is presently a lack of studies comparing the effectiveness of MSCs to conventional autologous chondrocyte (autoC) treatment for regeneration of full-thickness cartilage defects in vivo.
2014- Stem Cell Therapies for Knee Cartilage Repair.- The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Articular cartilage damage of the knee is common, causing significant morbidity worldwide. Many adult tissues contain cells that are able to differentiate into multiple cell types, including chondrocytes. These stem cells have gained significant attention over the past decade and may become frontline management for cartilage defects in the very near future.
2014- One-Step Surgery With Multipotent Stem Cells for the Treatment of Large Full-Thickness Chondral Defects of the Knee. – The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Chondral lesions in athletically active patients cause considerable morbidity, and treatment with existing cell-based therapies can be challenging. Bone marrow has been shown as a possible source of multipotent stem cells (MSCs) with chondrogenic potential and is easy to harvest during the same surgical procedure.
2014- Comparative Outcomes of Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy With Platelet-Rich Plasma Alone or in Combination With Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment: A Prospective Study. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
This study compared the clinical results and second-look arthroscopic findings of patients undergoing openwedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for varus deformity, with or without mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy.
2014- Application of Biologics in the Treatment of the Rotator Cuff, Meniscus, Cartilage, and Osteoarthritis. – Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Advances in our knowledge of cell signaling and biology have led to the development of products that may guide the healing/ regenerative process. Therapies are emerging that involve growth factors, blood-derived products, marrow-derived products, and stem cells.
2014- Future Trends for Unicompartmental Arthritis of the Knee: Injectables & Stem Cells. – Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology
Arthritis is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal problems, causing pain, disability, and a significant economic burden. In terms of prevalence, as life expectancy increases, arthritis prevalence will also increase.
2014- Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Delivered via Intra-Articular Injection to the Knee Following Partial Medial Meniscectomy. – THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY, INCORPORATED
There are limited treatment options for tissue restoration and the prevention of degenerative changes in the knee. Stem cells have been a focus of intense preclinical research into tissue regeneration but limited clinical investigation.
2013- Bone Marrow Concentrated cell transplantation: Rationale for Its use in the Treatment of Human Osteochondral Lesions. – Journal of Biological Regulators & Homeostatic Agents
Bone marrow is on of the best characterized stem cell microenvironments that contains Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs), a rare population of non-hematopoietic stromal cells.
2013- Clinical outcome of autologous bone marrow aspirates concentrate (BMAC) injection in degenerative arthritis of the knee. -Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Purpose As a treatment method of degenerative arthritis of knee, this study evaluated the clinical efficacy of the intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow aspirates concentrate (BMAC) with adipose tissue.
2013- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injections Improve Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and imaging results of patients who received intraarticular injections of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
2013- Injectable Cultured Bone Marrowe Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Varus Knees With Cartilage Defects Undergoing High Tibial Osteotomy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial With 2 Years’ Follow-up. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Re
To analyze the results of the use of intra-articular cultured autologous bone marrowederived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injections in conjunction with microfracture and medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO).
2013- Articular Cartilage Regeneration With Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Versus Hyaluronic Acid: A Randomized Controlled Trial. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
The purpose of the study was to determine whether postoperative intra-articular injections of autologous marrow aspirate (MA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) after subchondral drilling resulted in better cartilage repair as assessed histologically by Gill scoring.
2012- Isolation, culture and chondrogenic differentiation of canine adipose tissue- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells–a comparative study. – Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology
In the dog, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to reside in the bone marrow (bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells: BM-MSCs) as well as in the adipose tissue (adipose tissue-derived stem cells: ADSCs).
2011- Evaluation of Intra-Articular Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Augment Healing of Microfractured Chondral Defects. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
This study evaluated intra-articular injection of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to augment healing with microfracture compared with microfracture alone.
2011- Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Articular Cartilage Repair: Clinical Studies and Future Direction.- The Open Orthopaedics Journal, 2011
Cartilage is frequently injured but shows little capacity for repair. Current treatment options include the use of procedures that stimulate repair through the stimulation of subchondral bone marrow and result in the formation of fibrocartilage.
2010- Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate Improves Full-Thickness Cartilage Repair Compared with Microfracture in the Equine Model. – THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY, INCORPORATED
The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of treatment with bone marrow aspirate concentrate, a simple, one-step, autogenous, and arthroscopically applicable method, with the outcomes of microfracture with regard to the repair of full-thickness cartilage defects in an equine model.
2010- Autologous Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation. – The American Journal of Sports Medicine
First-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation has limitations, and introducing new effective cell sources can improve cartilage repair.
2009- Articular Cartilage Regeneration With Autologous Marrow Aspirate and Hyaluronic Acid: An Experimental Study in a Goat Model. – The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
The purpose of the study was to determine whether postoperative intra-articular injections of autologous marrow aspirate (MA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) after subchondral drilling resulted in better cartilage repair as assessed histologically by Gill scoring.
2009- Chondrogenesis in a hyaluronic acid scaffold: comparison between chondrocytes and MSC from bone marrow and adipose tissue. – Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc (2010)
Treatment of focal lesions of the articular cartilage of the knee using chondrocytes in a hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffold is already being investigated in clinical trials. An alternative may be to use mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).
2009- Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Past, Present, and Future. – The American College of Veterinary Surgeons
Adult mesenchymal stromal cells are plastic-adherent cells that are self-renewing and have the capacity to differentiate into various tissue specific lineages. Stromal cells were initially discovered over 100 years ago and substantial insight into stromal cell identification, isolation, characterization, and differentiation has been made, including efforts to elucidate the factors involved in stromal cell differentiation.
2008- The use of mesenchymal stem cells for chondrogenesis. – Published by Elsevier Ltd
The application of autologous chondrocytes in cartilage repair procedures in associated with several disadvantages, including injury of healthy cartilage in a preceding surgery frequently resulting in formation of inferior fibro cartilage at defect sites.
